Musical Plays and Films

From Fairouz; Legend and Legacy
The Baalbeck International Festival held among the Roman ruins of Baalbeck was the arena where Fayrouz and the Rahbani brothers first came in contact with their audience live on stage. The vehicle for Fayrouz's first public appearance was Ayyam al-Hasad (Harvest Days), a collection of songs and sketches performed in the summer of 1957. This was followed by a similar program of musical sketches the following year called Sahra Lubnaniyye (Lebanese Evening). The success of these live performances encouraged the Rahbanis to write their first musical play in which Fayrouz would play the leading role. Al-Muhakama (The Trial), which appeared in 1959, was received with limited enthusiasm. In 1961, however, the Rahbanis came out with their first musical play. Entitled al-Ba'albakiyya (The Baalbeck Woman), it was a fantasy in which gods ordained Voice to come to life among humans.

Following is the complete list of the musical plays especially composed for Fayrouz by the Rahbani brothers after 1961.

Musical Plays:
1962 Jisr al-Qamar (Bridge of the Moon)

Written and Produced by:
Rahbani Brothers
Director:
Sabri Sharif
Lyrics and Musical Score:
Rahbani Brothers
Site of Premier Performance:
Baalbeck International Festival
This operetta begins with the appearance of a spellbound maiden near the Bridge of the Moon. She begs the village chieftain who witnesses the apparition to save her, and says that she can only be rescued through love; she then disappears. During the following days, tensions increase between the first village and its neighbor, which is short of water to irrigate its crops. Then a fortune-teller in the first village makes the maiden appear; she announces that a hidden treasure will come into existence at the foot of the Bridge. The two villages subsequently meet at a traditional festival, and tempers rise to the point where fighting is about to break out. The maiden again appears and tells both sides that the way for them to find the hidden treasure lies in cooperation and energetic tilling of the land. The villages decide to share water and all ends well.

1963 Al-Lail Wa'l Qindil (Night and the Lantern

Written and Produced by:
Rahbani Brothers
Director:
Sabri Sharif
Lyrics and Musical Score:
Rahbani Brothers
Site of Performances:
Baalbeck International Festival
Theater of the Casino Du Liban
Damascus International Festival
This light musical operetta tells thestory of a young villager who owns a lantern shop of many colors. After much e ffort the shopkeeper and her family succeed in making a largelantern to light the whole village. This unique lantern is later stolen by a villain. Through her singing the shopkeeper of lanterns plays a major role in finding the lost lantern and returning it to the village.

1964 Bayya' al-Khawatim (Rings' Salesman)

Written and Produced by:
Rahbani Brothers
Director:
Sabri Sharif
Lyrics and Musical Score:
Rahbani Brothers
Site of Premier Performance:
The Cedars' Festival
This light musical operetta is about a small village where the young people are preparing for an annual festival in which many will choose spouses. The mayor of the village, who has a niece named Rima, decides that the villagers are too bored and need to have their imagination stimulated. He invents and tells stories about a fictitious person named Rabi', describing him as an enemy of the village. Then two idlers in the'village start to steal, damage property, and so forth, while putting the blame on Rabi'. Things look even worse when a tall, strong stranger enters the village, says that his name is Rabi', and asks Rima where he can find the village's mayor. But it turns out that he only wants to ask the mayor's permission to sell engagement rings and jewelry to the villagers. The story ends happily as the two idlers are exposed and forced to marry girls chosen by the mayor.

1966 Hala wa-l-Malik (Hala and the King)

Written and Produced by:
Rahbani Brothers
Director:
Sabri Sharif
Lyrics and Musical Score:
Rahbani Brothers
Site of Performances:
Piccadilly Theater, Beirut
Damascus International Fair
Cedars' Festival
This is a light musical operetta about a village where everyone, including a very poor girl, who is the daughter of a drunk, wears a mask. The officials suddenly choose this young lady to be the bride of a king. When she is brought before him, she pleads with him that she is a very poor wretched girl and that her father is a drunk; she wishes to run away. The of ficials decide to confront her father, in order to learn whether she is telling the truth or Iying. When her father is faced with the situation, he is so happy for his daughter that he denies that she is his daughter, in order to give her a better life. The wedding takes place and everyone lives happily, all because of the simplicity and sincerity of the young girl that the king loved.

1967 Ayyam Fakhr al-Din (The Days of Fakhr al-Din)

Written and Produced by:
Rahbani Brothers
Director:
Sabri Sharif
Lyrics and Musical Score:
Rahbani Brothers
Site of Premier Performance:
Baalbeck International Festival
This musical play is about seventeenth-century Lebanese pa triots. It begins in 1618 with Prince Fakhr al-Din's return to Lebanon from exile. Acclaimed by the Lebanese, he is helped by a female singer of patriotic songs but opposed by those who stand to gain from Lebanon's domination by a foreign power. When the Prince's forces suffer heavy losses in a clash with the Turks, he goes into hiding. The singer seeks him out and tries to persuade him to remain in Lebanon. Upon learning that the country is peaceful, prosperous and likely to have a bright future, he decides to leave in order that this may remain true.

1969 Al-Shakhs (ThePerson)
Written and Produced by:
Rahbani Brothers
Director:
Sabri Sharif
Lyrics and Musical Score:
Rahbani Brothers
Site of Performances:
Piccadilly Theater, Beirut
Damascus International Festival
This light musical operetta takes place in a village. One day in the bazaar, the police suddenly appear and tell everyone to leave and get off the streets, because the commander is coming to the village. Upon his arrival, a young lady, who sells tomatoes from her small cart, is still on the scene. She cannot understand the reason for all the commotion or see why she is being told not to sell her tomatoes. When she sees the commander, she starts singing for him. The officials immediately take her to prison and confiscate the cart that she loves so much. Somehow, she encounters the commander by accident and tells him her story. He is shocked by what he hears. He immediately frees her and decides to return as soon as possible to find out whether he, himself, is free in his own territory.

1970 Ya'ish Ya'ish (Hurrah, Hurrah)
Written and Produced by:
Rahbani Brothers
Director:
Sabri Sharif
Lyrics and Musical Score:
Rahbani Brothers
Site of Performances:
Piccadilly Theater, Beirut
Damascus International Festival
This satirical musical play deals with successive coups in theimaginary country of Mida. At the beginning, Mida is ruled by an emperor, who is soon deposed but escapes disguised as an ordinary citizen. Under the name of "Barhoum," he takes refuge in a village shop. From the gossip there he learns a great deal about the situation in the country. He also makes friends with the leader of a gang of smugglers, and hears through gossip that the latter is involved in a new coup plot. The second coup takes place and the emperor (as Barhoum) is appointed head of state. He quickly sends some of his followers to search for the leaders of the previous regime, and to investigate the village shop in case the deposed rulers are hiding there as he did.

1970 Jibal al-Suwwan (Mountains of Flint)
Written and Produced by:
Rahbani Brothers
Director:
Sabri Sharif
Lyrics and Musical Score:
Rahbani Brothers
Site of Performances:
Baalbeck International Festival
Damascus International Festival
This musical operetta is a story of a tyrant who conquers a neighboring village. There, the tyrant is opposed by a man and his daughter. The father is killed in his daughter's presence. She manages to escape, eventually returning to help her people rid themselves of their occupier. During the struggle, she is executed on the same spot where her father was murdered. Thus she sacrifices her life for the freedom of her oppressed people.

1970 Sah al-Nawm (Wake-up Sleeper!)
Written and Produced by:
Rahbani Brothers
Director:
Sabri Sharif
Lyrics and Musical Score:
Rahbani Brothers
Site of Performances:
Damascus International Festival
Piccadilly Theater, Beirut
This musical operetta a tells a story of a king, who sleeps almost constantly, waking up only once a month to sign documents with the official stamp. A poor young girl in the same village has a small hut without any roofing. She uses an umbrella to shelter herself. This goes on for a long time, until one day the king wakes up and signs some papers. He totally ignores the girl's request fcr help, and goes and sits under a tree. The young girl decides to sing to him in order to put him to sleep. When he is asleep, she takes the official stamp from his hand and starts stamping all the worthwhile proposals that the king has ignored. In one month's time, the whole village blossoms and develops.

1972 Nas Min Wara' (People Made of Paper)
Written and Produced by:
Rahbani Brothers
Director:
Sabri Sharif
Lyrics and Musical Score:
Rahbani Brothers
Site of Performances:
Piccadilly Theater, Beirut
In the sauare where village folks have been singing and dancing, a policeman appears, halts the festivities and announces the beginning of "the democratic era." On election day corrupt political candidates offer all kinds of promises, but all the villagers want is to continue living their simple lives and bc melry. Mariyya, the village girl, dares to ridicule authority in her songs, succeeding at the same time to escape punishment. The chorus of villagers sing passages from Gibran's The Prophet as they wait for a new savior to free them from their state of political intrigue.

1972 Naturat al-Mafatih (The Safekeeper of the Keys)
Written and Produced by:
Rahbani Brothers
Director:
Sabri Sharif
Lyrics and Musical Score:
Rahbani Brothers
Site of Performances:
Baalbeck International Festival
Damascus International Festival
This musical operetta is about a king who is very selfish. Eventually, everyone decides to leave the country. As they are leaving, they give the keys of their homes to a very trustworthy young lady. When the village is totally empty, the king demands the keys. The girl refuses to give them to him, but instead gradually convinces him that a kingdom without people is not worth much. ~le then asks all the people to return to their houses.

1973 al-Mahatta (The Station)
Written and Produced by:
Rahbani Brothers
Director:
Berge Vazilian
Lyrics and Musical Score:
Rahbani Brothers
Site of Performances:
Piccadilly Theater, Beirut
Damascus International Festival
This musical operetta takes place in a large potato field, where a young woman convinces the people through her work and singing that, if they try hard enough and believe that there will be a train station in the potato field, it will come to be. After a while the people become so convinced that they actually can hear the train noise from afar. The moral of the story is that if one really believes in something very strongly, and works toward it, it will come true.

1973 Qasidat Hub (A Love Poem)
Written and Produced by:
Rahbani Brothers
Director:
Sabri Sharif
Lyrics and Musical Score:
Rahbani Brothers
Site of Performances:
Baalbeck International Festival
This Iyrical operetta is a mixture of sketches in which leading Lebanese singers including Wadi' al-Safi and Nasri Shams Eddine share with Fayrouz the stage to sing of the invincibility of love. The lyrics in colloquial and classical Arabic include new compositions and ancient Andalusian favorites rendered in a modernized version.

1974 Loulou (Loulou)
Written and Produced by:
Rahbani Brothers
Director:
Sabri Sharif
Lyrics and Musical Score:
Rahbani Brothers
Site of Performances:
Baalbeck International Festival
This musical op eretta tells the story of a young girl who is convicted of the murder of someone in the village and is sentenced to 15 years in prison. A few weeks before the end of her term, she is discovered to be innocent and is released. She does not tell the villagers anything, and they assume that she served her full term. Later, she tells the villagers that one day she will kill one of them. She keeps everyone in fear and uncertainty.

1974 Maisal-Rim (TheTree and TheDeer)
Written and Produced by:
Rahbani Brothers
Director:
Berge Vazilian
Lyrics and Musical Score:
Rahbani Brothers
Site of Performances:
Piccadilly Theater, Beirut
Damascus International Festival
This light musical operetta is a story about a girl whose car breaks down en route to her mother's village. In the village where her car is being fixed, there is a feud between two families. The girl becomes involved in the feud and ends it by bringing a boy and girl from the families to the fountain of marriage. Because of all this delay, she has to inform her mother and her cousin that she cannot attend the latter's wedding. However, she has performed a good deed by helping the young couple and ending the feud.

1977 Batra (Petra)
Written and Produced by:
Rahbani Brothers
Director:
Berge Vazilian
Lyrics and Musical Score:
Rahbani Brothers
Site of Performances:
Amman Roman Amphitheater
Damascus International Festival
Piccadilly Theater, Beirut
Theater of the Casino Du Liban
This operetta tells the story of the queen of Petra, who has a little girl seven years old. Her husba nd, the king, is at war with the Romans. The Romans, who are losing, kidnap the little daughter and hold her as a hostage. They then warn Petra that dire consequences will ensue unless she tells her husband to stop fighting. Petra refuses to pass this ultimatum on to the king, and the Romans execute the girl. Her husband wins the war and saves the country. He returns as a conquering hero, but his joy ends when Petra gives him the sad news about his daughter.

Feature Films:
1964 Bayya' al-Khawatim (Rings' Salesman)
Producer:
Nader al-Atassi
Director:
Yusif Shahin
Lyrics and Musical Score:
Rahbani Brothers
In a first attempt to widen the experience of a musical that had been widely acclaimed, this feature film was shot in the Lebanese countryside echoing the songs and music that were first heard on stage. (For a summary, see the Musical Plays listing.)

1967 Safar Barlik (The Exile)
Producer:
Nader al-Atassi
Director:
Henry Barakat
Lyrics and Musical Score:
Rahbani Brothers
The events of this film take place in Lebanon at a time prior to the First World War when most of the Arab countries were under the domination of the Ottoman Empire. These were very difficult days for the local population who had to endure injustice and cruelty, their crops were confiscated to feed the army and young men were recruited by force into the invaders' army. If they tried to avoid this and were caught they were sent into exile, hence the title of the film. The fight against oppression is fully illustrated in the film and told in the songs and music.
1968 Bint al-Haris (The Daughter of the Watchman)
Producer:
Nader al-Atassi
Director:
Henry Barakat
Lyrics and Musical Score:
Rahbani Brothers
This is a love story that grows between a village girl called Rima and an outsider. Her father, the village watchman, who claims to watch after the comings and goings of all the village affairs, is blind to his daughter's interest in the stranger and later fails to end the relationship between the young l overs. The songs of this film celebrate the Lebanese landscape as they portray the merry aspect of village life.

Documentary:
1971 Fayrouz in America and Canada
Producer:
Parker and Associates
This 37-minute color documentary especially filmed for the United States Information Agency was produced in two versions, one in English, the other in Arabic. It features Fayrouz's 1971 eleven-city tour through the United States and Canada. Fayrouz's first tour of the North American continent, which included 70 performers, was sponsored by the Forum for International Art and Culture.

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